Understanding, Structure, and How to Create Scientific Works Not Only for Students
Creating scientific work is usually a task for students in the form of theses, dissertations, or research papers. However, can school students create scientific works? It's not impossible; high school students can also write scientific papers. However, the research methods can be done more simply.
The form of scientific work can also be in the form of a paper on a research topic. This type of scientific work is usually assigned to high school students. Teachers may assign scientific work tasks to train their students' analytical skills when they have to create scientific works in college.
Definition of Scientific Work
Scientific work is a writing or composition obtained according to its scientific nature and based on various observations, research, and reviews of a particular field of science, which is compiled using certain methods while paying attention to good and polite writing systems, and can be scientifically accountable. This definition is a popular definition proposed by Eko Susilo.
Based on this definition, scientific work must be produced from a series of research while considering scientific principles. The writing of scientific work must also be made with the correct writing system. Therefore, it is advisable that the writing of scientific work should be practiced since high school with the guidance of teachers.
Structure of Scientific Work
To create good scientific work, the writing must be organized in a neat order. In general, almost all types of scientific work consist of the following writing structure.
1. Preface
The preface section usually contains a greeting from the author explaining the preparation of the scientific work. On some occasions, the preface also contains the author's gratitude to the parties who have supported the research process.
2. Table of Contents
To facilitate readers, the author also needs to create a table of contents to detail the contents of the research. The table of contents is usually utilized by readers who want to see the outline of the research as a reference for the next research. The table of contents will contain chapter titles, subheadings, and accompanied by page numbers.
3. Introduction
This section is usually divided into three main frameworks: background, problem formulation, objectives, and benefits of the research. This section may feel a bit confusing to compile, but it plays an important role in providing a clear context for the research to the readers.
4. Discussion
The discussion or content section will discuss the core part of the research made in a scientific work. The discussion section will consist of data, theories, and a complete analysis of a research topic. There is also an explanation of the research methodology explained as a framework for the analysis made.
5. Conclusion
From the scientific work that will be made, there will certainly be a conclusion from the results of the research analysis. Usually, this is used as a reference to compare the results of other research that uses different research objects or theories.
6. Suggestions
In the suggestions section, the author of the scientific work can provide opinions that are considered relevant to be used as solutions. This can be followed up by the relevant parties who have an interest as a concrete action plan.
7. References
Well, a scientific research must also be proven through clear and reliable theoretical sources. Therefore, the author must include all theoretical sources in the references. All sources of information, whether websites, reading books, journals, and internet articles, must be cited when writing scientific work.
Examples of Scientific Work
The results of scientific work can be made in several different writing formats according to the research objectives. Therefore, scientific work does not have to be made by students with results in the form of large-themed research. Here are some examples of scientific work that can be made from a research topic.
- Research Report
- Paper
- Article
- Thesis
- Dissertation
With various examples of scientific work that can be made, it is proven that the authors do not have to be students. School students or employees can also write scientific works as long as the writing adheres to the correct structure and scientific principles.
How to Create Scientific Work
Have you planned to create scientific work? Whether for school assignments or personal research needs, writing scientific work can be done with the following steps.
1. Determine the Research Topic
Like planning anything, scientific work can be created by first determining the research topic. Once the topic is determined, it will be easier to carry out the subsequent research steps. There are many topics that can be raised from daily activities or phenomena that occur and are highlighted by the media.
2. Create a Research Framework
To ensure that the scientific research does not deviate from the planned outline, determine a research framework that contains derivatives of the research topic. This will help keep the scientific work aligned with the writing guidelines set from the beginning.
3. Gather Research Materials
After creating the research framework, the scientific work must be made from various clear data and information sources. Collect valid official information sources so that the scientific work can produce conclusions that align with the research objectives.
4. Formulate a Hypothesis
Not all research materials will be useful when writing scientific work. This can be decided after someone formulates a hypothesis from the collected research materials. Data and information sources that are unclear should not be used.
5. Prepare a Research Design
The research design will serve as a guideline that can be used to write scientific work. This is like a framework that can be used as a reference for conducting a scientific analysis of social phenomena or scientific research.
6. Conduct Experiments with Research Methods
This process is one of the important aspects that form the core of writing scientific work. The author can determine the most suitable research method to conduct scientific experiments or direct interviews as a concrete form of field research.
Not limited to research within a laboratory, experiments using interviews or survey methods can also be adapted to social phenomena. Scientific work is not only limited to quantitative research but also qualitative.
7. Collect Data and Analyze
From the experiments that have been conducted using the research methods, concrete data related to the topic that has been determined from the beginning will be produced. Now, it's time to analyze that data.
In addition to conclusions, the results of the analysis can also be in the form of critiques or suggestions regarding the research object. It is important to remember that the results of scientific work are not always intended to be concretely adapted to the problems being researched.
Well, those are all the things you need to know about scientific work. Essentially, anyone can write scientific work well in various forms of writing. However, make sure to conduct the analysis based on clear facts and theories.
Author: Rizkita Darajat
