What is a Tensioner? Its Functions, Types, and Signs of Damage
The tensioner is a component in the form of a bearing found within the car engine assembly. The tensioner itself is small in size, yet this component has a very vital function. The complete functions are as follows.
What is a Tensioner?
As previously explained, the tensioner is part of the car engine assembly that takes the form of a bearing. Generally, the tensioner is equipped with a pulley or roller that functions as a rotator or pressure mechanism for the chain or timing belt to ensure it is in the correct position and not loose.
Functions of the Car Tensioner
There are several vital functions of the tensioner that you need to know. The complete functions are as follows.
1. Controls the tension of the chain or timing belt to keep it well-maintained
The car tensioner generally can adjust and maintain the correct tension on the chain or timing belt.
2. Increases engine efficiency
The tensioner ensures that the chain or timing belt is in the correct position and not loose during the replacement process, thus improving engine efficiency as the engine rotation becomes more stable.
3. Extends the lifespan of the car engine
The tensioner can also extend the lifespan of the car engine. This is because the tensioner can reduce the likelihood of damage to the engine caused by a broken chain or timing belt.
When the chain or timing belt breaks, the tensioner will automatically dampen the vibrations from the chain or timing belt. This can also prevent the risk of power loss in components driven by the timing belt or chain, such as the air pump, alternator, and AC compressor.
Types of Tensioners
After understanding its functions, you need to know the types of car tensioners. The complete types are as follows.
1. Manual Tensioner
This type of tensioner requires manual adjustment as its name suggests. To adjust a manual tensioner, you must loosen the locking nut on the adjustment. Then you need to tighten the adjustment bolt before re-tightening the locking nut.
2. Semi-Automatic Tensioner
For this type of tensioner, adjustment can be made by stretching the retaining bolt of the tensioning rod. This condition causes the tensioning rod to be pushed by the tensioner spring.
If the engine condition feels smooth, you need to re-tighten the retaining bolt. However, if the spring's push on the tensioning rod is not strong enough but the chain position is already loose, you need to tighten the bolt manually.
3. Automatic Tensioner
For the automatic type, the spring on the tensioner will automatically push the tensioning rod.
Signs of a Damaged Car Tensioner
Given its vital function, as a car owner, you should understand the signs of damage to the car tensioner. The complete signs are as follows.
1. A disturbing noisy sound from the engine
A damaged car tensioner usually shows signs of damage such as a disturbing noisy sound from the engine. This sound usually occurs because the tensioner is set too tight or the tension produced by the tensioner is weak.
2. Wear on the back of the timing belt
Another sign of damage can be seen on the back of the timing belt. If the back of this component shows wear, it is certain that the tensioner is damaged. Wear on the timing belt is usually caused by improper tensioner adjustment.
Thus is a complete review of what a tensioner is, its functions, types, and signs of damage. Although the tensioner is considered a component that rarely experiences damage, you still need to check the condition of this component regularly and periodically to ensure the engine performance does not decline. To keep the tensioner performance optimal, make sure you service your car at an official Daihatsu workshop.
