Exploring How Car Injection Systems Work Along with Their Types

As days go by, technology is becoming more advanced. This also applies to the automotive world. Where every day, motor vehicle manufacturers innovate to develop various technologies to create driving comfort. 

One of the innovations that has been successfully developed is the car injection system. So how does it work? Here is the review.

Working Principle of the EFI System in Car Engines

Known as EFI or electronic fuel injection, this system is designed to eliminate the weaknesses inherent in carburetors. 

Previously, the carburetor fuel system relied solely on the vacuum occurring in the carburetor venturi, whereas the EFI system is much more advanced.

The EFI system observes all engine conditions through various sensors it possesses. 

Even more impressively, the EFI system will analyze using a computer that then sprays fuel in the right amount according to needs via injectors. This is certainly very advantageous compared to its predecessor system.

To perform its function, the car injection system is supported by important components called ECU or electronic control unit, also known as the car computer, injectors, and several sensors. 

The ECU acts as the brain that regulates all the performance of the EFI system as a whole. Information carried by several sensors within it is sent to the ECU for processing. The ECU will then decide the amount of fuel to be sprayed into the injectors. 

These sensors have their respective tasks, and all the data they receive is managed by the ECU to take the next action, so the more sensors there are, the better the engine efficiency that will be produced. 

Read also: Understanding the Capacity of Ayla Manual Transmission Oil and Its Maintenance

Types of Car Injection Engines

A four-wheeled vehicle equipped with an EFI system will be divided into two types, namely type D injection engines (Manifold Pressure Control Type) and type L injection engines (Manifold Pressure Control Type). 

The working principle of the type D car injection system is to measure the air pressure in the intake manifold and then calculate the amount of air received.

However, in reality, the D-EFI injection system is unable to convert the amount of incoming fuel accurately due to the air pressure in the intake manifold.

Usually, the air measurement received by the intake manifold uses a vacuum sensor called a MAP sensor. The measurement process conducted by the MAP sensor on the vacuum magnitude will be sent to the ECU.

Thus, the ECU will instruct other sensors to supply fuel according to needs to the combustion chamber via the injectors. 

Meanwhile, the performance of the type L injection system is almost the same as type D, except that the air measurement received by the intake manifold utilizes an air flow meter.

In the type L car injection system, the air flow meter is responsible for measuring the air pressure magnitude towards the vacuum occurring in the intake manifold. 

Then the results of that measurement will be forwarded to the ECU to determine the amount of fuel that must be supplied to the combustion chamber via the injectors.

Four-wheeled vehicles equipped with the EFI system indeed have advantages compared to their predecessors. It is not surprising that these vehicles are already in high demand by a large part of the community in Indonesia. 

However, even so, each of its components will not function well if you do not perform routine car maintenance. 

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