6 Types of Electric Car Batteries and the Raw Materials Used

Electric cars are environmentally friendly vehicles. In electric cars, there are several types of batteries used. Curious about what types of batteries there are and the raw materials used? To find out, here is a complete explanation.

Types of Electric Car Batteries and Their Raw Materials

It is important to know that there are various types of raw materials used for batteries in electric cars. Here are the types of batteries and their raw materials.

1. Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Battery

The first type of battery in electric cars is the nickel-metal hydride battery or NiMH. This type of battery stores energy using materials from hydrogen.

Meanwhile, other metals and nickel in this battery are used to maintain the condition of the hydrogen ion cap. This type of battery is generally used in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) that do not derive their power from external sources.

The advantage of this battery is that it has good durability, allowing for a longer lifespan. Additionally, the materials used in NiMH batteries can be easily reused because they do not contain many toxins that negatively impact the environment.

2. Lead-Acid Battery

Electric cars also use Lead-Acid (SLA) batteries. This type of battery is a rechargeable battery that has been around the longest in the electric car world.

In terms of shape and size, this battery's capacity is less competitive and heavier compared to other batteries. However, in terms of price, this type is certainly more affordable and safer to use.

3. Solid-State Battery

As the name suggests, this battery uses a solid electrolyte in the form of ceramics or other materials. Structurally, this car battery is similar to traditional lithium-ion but is denser and more compact.

Although this type of battery has been around for a long time, it can be said to be new in the automotive field like electric cars. This is because this type of battery is generally used in small electronic devices such as RFID, wearable devices, or pacemakers.

The advantage of solid-state batteries is that they can be more efficient in terms of capacity. When compared to other types of batteries of the same capacity, this battery's capacity can be several times greater.

Read Also: Electric Car Charging System

4. Nickel-Cadmium Battery

Nickel Cadmium materials were used in the production of electric cars in the 90s. This battery, coded Ni-Cd, has various advantages compared to other types.

The first advantage is its relatively high battery density. Additionally, the lifespan of this type of battery is quite substantial, allowing for 500 to 1000 charge cycles.

5. Ultra Capacitor Battery

The Ultra Capacitor battery uses liquid storage polarized between the electrolyte and its electrodes. As the surface area of the liquid increases, the capacity of this ultra capacitor battery also increases.

This type of electric car battery has the advantage of providing extra power during acceleration or braking. Furthermore, due to its capacity capabilities, this type of battery is perfect for energy storage in electric cars.

6. Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) Battery

Lithium-ion batteries are certainly commonly used in electronic devices. This is because their capacity and size can be larger and can be adjusted to the needs of electric cars.

The advantage of this type of battery is its high energy efficiency and ability to perform well at high temperatures. Additionally, the charging time and system of this battery are also faster and can last for a long time.

These are the common types of electric car batteries to know. This information can be important knowledge, especially for those of you who plan to use electric cars.

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