What is BBM? Its Functions and Types

BBM stands for fuel oil. When talking about BBM, most people only think of gasoline. In fact, BBM itself has several types, and each type has a different function. To understand what is meant by BBM more broadly, in terms of definition, function, and types, please pay attention to the following review.

What is BBM?

BBM or fuel oil is a product of the crude oil refining process. As is known, crude oil is formed from the decomposition of organic fossils, such as plankton that have been buried for millions of years underground or in rocks.

To produce BBM, a drilling process is required using drilling rigs to lift crude oil from the earth's crust. Then, the crude oil that has been lifted is separated from natural gas. A refining process is then carried out by distilling the oil until it becomes crude oil.

Functions of BBM

In general, BBM functions as an energy source that can be used for various purposes. From fuel for transportation to electricity generation.

Types of BBM

However, when talking about BBM, most people will associate it with gasoline. In fact, BBM itself has a fairly broad scope. BBM is not just about gasoline used for land vehicles with gasoline engines. In fact, BBM itself is divided into various types and each type has different functions. The complete types of BBM are as follows.

1. Aviation Gasoline (Avgas)

The first type is Avgas. This type of fuel is usually used as an energy source for airplanes with piston engines that have internal combustion or ignition engines. Avgas is made from crude oil fractions that contain tetra-ethyl (TEL), giving it a high octane rating.

2. Aviation Turbine (Avtur)

The second type is Avtur. This type of fuel is usually used for airplanes equipped with turbine or jet engines. Avtur can be considered a high-quality derivative of kerosene compared to other types of fuel. Avtur has a very low freezing point of below -47, making it very stable when used in extreme temperatures. Therefore, Avtur is used for airplanes with engines that have external combustion or ignition systems.

3. Kerosene

This type of fuel is usually used for household purposes, specifically as fuel for oil stoves. This is because kerosene is a fuel with a high boiling point, ranging from 150 degrees Celsius to 300 degrees Celsius.

4. High-speed diesel

This type of fuel is intended for vehicles with electronic and mechanical diesel injection engines as well as diesel-powered industrial equipment.

5. Middle-speed diesel

This type of fuel is intended for marine vessels or industrial sector needs because this fuel is indeed designed for medium-speed diesel engines.

6. Biodiesel

This type of fuel is a substitute for diesel fuel. Biodiesel is a renewable fuel made from animal or vegetable oils. The composition of biodiesel sold in the market usually consists of 5% FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) derived from palm oil and 95% from petroleum diesel.

7. Fuel oil

This type of fuel is usually used for fuel for machinery in large industries such as steam power stations. Fuel oil has a higher viscosity than diesel oil and has a darker color because it is made from various types of residues.

8. Gasoline

This type of fuel is used for land transportation with engines equipped with ignition systems, such as cars.

Thus is a complete review of BBM. Considering that each type of BBM has different functions, make sure your vehicle gets the right type of BBM.

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